TestOut Security Pro English 8.0 Practice Test

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• What is the primary application of RIPEMD?
• What social engineering technique is used when an attacker impersonates IT personnel in a phishing email?
• Which attack exploits vulnerabilities in a card's protocols or encryption methods?
• What process can the CISO run to better assess the company's security needs after implementing the NIST Cybersecurity Framework?
• What would be the most effective solution for a rapidly expanding corporation needing to monitor critical information assets?
• What access control model assigns attributes to objects and uses logic to grant access?
• What is the primary function of crypto-ransomware?
• In which scenario would the use of obfuscation be most appropriate?
• Which type of certificate provides the highest level of trust for a company?
• Which passive attack technique involves infecting frequently visited websites with malware?
• What security control did the company lack that led to the server outage when an employee unplugged the power cable?
• In which phase of an attack does the attacker gather information about the target?
• What serves as an essential directory for storing and managing certificates and their statuses?
• What security measure prevents unauthorized users from booting an encrypted hard drive?
• What type of cyber threat is associated with individuals attempting to expose a flaw in a corporation’s practices for social or political reasons?
• If a private key has been stolen, what is the recommended course of action?
• Which access control model is specifically focused on roles assigned to users?
• Which method is often employed by attackers to carry out vishing attacks?
• In an asymmetric cryptography system, what does the hashing activity primarily provide?
• Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good hash function?
• Which of the following commands can be used in combination to both delete a user and remove their home directory?
• What is the MOST effective approach to enhance security for unsupported software applications?
• Which of the following best describes a social engineering attack?
• Which principle should an IT department incorporate for aligning resources with established company policies?
• What method of access control should be used in an access control list where only authorized users can access resources?
• Which of the following algorithms are used in asymmetric encryption?
• To ensure a user is completely removed from the system, which commands should be run?
• Which method is a way of implementing security controls?
• Which of the following are examples of something you have for authentication controls? (Select two)
• What common attack utilizes SSL exploitation?
• What is "salting" in the context of password security?
• What does the command 'userdel -Z bsmith' do?
• Which of the following describes a logic bomb?
• Which authentication method will you implement when your company opens up its directory services to a partner company?
• What is the main function of a TPM hardware chip?
• What type of encryption allows data to be processed without decrypting it first?
• Which encryption algorithm is commonly known for its use in secure file transmission?
• What social engineering variant is indicated by unsolicited phone calls seeking sensitive information for a credit report?
• Which of the following terms describes the component generated following authentication used to gain access to resources?
• What is defined by permissions assigned to a user on an object?
• Which security solution protects the entire hard drive and prevents access even if the drive is moved to another system?
• Which of the following security controls focuses on ensuring policies are followed effectively?
• In a discretionary access control model, who primarily determines access rights to objects?
• What security challenge is characterized by the rapid and extensive spread of an attack?
• What describes the primary function and benefit of a secure enclave in a mobile banking application?
• What configuration should be done to allow BitLocker to encrypt a hard disk and boot automatically without a startup key?
• What is the privilege or action that can be taken on a system called?
• What type of Active Directory structure is a collection of related domain trees called?
• Which method encrypts the entire database and all backups?
• What should be set up to ensure encrypted files can still be decrypted if the original user account becomes corrupted?
• What are two valid reasons to prohibit the use of shared accounts?
• What is essential for maintaining security during data transfers over networks?
• Which access control theory is tied to the idea that users should have only the permissions they need?
• What is the term for a group of related domains in Active Directory?
• In the context of user management, what does 'rm -rf' stand for?
• In cryptography, what does the term 'nonce' refer to?
• How can an organization best reduce risk from the use of unauthorized software by employees?
• What does non-repudiation ensure in data transactions?
• What does the '-h' option in the userdel command do?
• Which entity may a certificate authority rely on for validating a certificate signing request (CSR)?
• Which key management strategy would be most effective for maintaining the security of cryptographic keys during an increase in cyber attacks?
• How can you change a user's username in a Linux system for a married employee?
• Which technology is primarily used by smart cards for storing cryptographic information?
• What control type primarily involves the enforcement of access policies?
• Which of the following identification and authentication factors are often well known or easily discovered by others on the same network or system?
• Which action is necessary to properly deal with a threat actor engaged in information theft?
• In a security breach context, what is a critical action that should be taken immediately?
• What defines a logical organization of resources in Active Directory?
• Which control type aims to restore systems to their operational state after an incident?
• What is the main activity performed by hashing algorithms?
• Which hashing algorithm is considered outdated for security purposes?
• Marcus White has just been promoted to a manager. What should you do if he is unable to access the files reserved for the Managers group?
• Which function is NOT performed by a TPM?
• How did the intruder gain access to the network room during the recent security breach?
• Which encryption mechanism is known for its weak keys and offers the least security?
• What technology was developed to enhance the efficiency of checking the validity status of certificates?
• Which authentication method is primarily based on the physical attributes of the user?
• What should the manager implement to enhance directive operational controls?
• What is the primary function of a hash function in cryptography?
• Which statement correctly describes the root of trust model in a PKI?
• What is the process of controlling access to resources such as computers, files, or printers called?
• What aspect of cybersecurity primarily addresses the authentication and authorization of users?
• What effect does setting the password minimum age to 10 days have?
• What is the name of the service included with the Windows Server operating system that manages a centralized database containing user account and security information?
• Which hashing function is known for its use in secure password hashing?
• Which of the following BEST represents the technique to prevent malware attacks by restricting access to potentially malicious sites?
• What is a potential risk of using 'rm -rf' indiscriminately?
• Which of the following would BEST represent a detective security control?
• What best describes the behavior of adding malware-laden devices to a legitimate shipment?
• What could happen if a private key is impermissibly accessed?
• Identifying which users have similar access needs falls under what concept?
• Which access control model allows file owners to specify user permissions?
• What is the purpose of the '-r' option in the userdel command?
• What is the best strategy for using secure enclaves to protect sensitive user data in a mobile application?
• What MFA philosophy applies a location-based factor for authentication?
• What is a telltale sign of a phishing email?
• Which biometric authentication method would you recommend for simplicity and cost-effectiveness?
• Which method is best for enforcing password management in a small company?
• What does the use of an unconsulted cloud-based tool by a marketing team in an IT context BEST exemplify?
• Which type of threat actor is MOST likely to engage in cyber espionage?
• Which of the following is a type of malware that prevents the system from being used until the victim pays the attacker money?
• What is the first step when combining encryption with steganography?
• What is the primary benefit of using passwordless authentication for user accounts?
• What security goal is achieved by employing AES to encrypt a document?
• Which block cipher mode of operation uses a nonce combined with a counter that is encrypted?
• In the scenario of using BitLocker, what does a TPM chip enable?
• What term describes the process of breaking into a cryptographic system?
• What type of cryptoprocessor is being installed when an analyst reduces the attack surface by embedding it in the CPU?
• Which form of biometric authentication is considered non-intrusive and simple for employees to use?
• What defines the crossover error rate for evaluating biometric systems?
• As a CISO, what approach should you adopt to enhance collaboration between development and operations teams?
• What vectors made the attack via malicious USB thumb drives successful?
• Which aspect must be protected in an asymmetric cryptographic solution for it to remain secure?
• Which type of control utilizes policies, DPRs, and BCPs?
• Which is an example of a preventative control type?
• What is the primary purpose of intrusion detection systems?
• Which security solution would prevent a user from reading a file that they did not create?
• Which scenario would necessitate placing a certificate on the Certificate Revocation List (CRL)?
• What does the term "collision" refer to in hashing?
• Which cybersecurity principle focuses on granting users only the permissions necessary to perform their job functions?
• What key should Mary use to encrypt a message for Sam so only Sam can read it?
• Which authentication method is the security team planning to implement for users who want to eliminate the need for complex passwords?
• What type of social engineering attack is depicted by the email claiming urgent password resets due to a security breach?
• Which command would delete a user account and all associated files for the user Bob Smith?
• Which type of threat actor is MOST likely responsible for the spike in unauthorized network traffic aimed at a corporation's web servers?
• Which of the following is used by Microsoft for auditing to identify past actions performed by users on an object?
• What motivation BEST describes a coordinated attack aimed at undermining a corporation's market position?
• What is the most effective step to harden authentication methods in a tech company?
• What will happen if you only use the command 'userdel bsmith'?
• Which directory service would you recommend for a multinational corporation to allow interoperability amongst various vendors?
• How can you ensure temporary employees can only log on during regular business hours?
• Which command would not delete the user's home directory?
• For an e-commerce company seeking organizational validation of their certificate, which level of CA validation should be recommended?
• What type of attack involves unauthorized interception of communications?
• What is the next step after a client confirms a server's certificate is issued by a trusted CA?
• Which security mechanism uses a unique list embedded in the object to define access levels for subjects?
• Which command allows a user to remove a user and all the associated files in one step?
• What set of procedures is recommended to guard against insider threats?
• What is the most suitable solution for securing multiple subdomains of an online store within a PKI?
• When using BitLocker and EFS, which statement is true regarding access to encrypted files?
• Which of the following are often identified as the three main goals of security?
• What is the function of the 'userdel' command in system administration?
• Which type of attack involves matching a password hash from a precomputed list?
• What is the primary goal of social engineering attacks?
• When operating with EFS, what should users remember about encrypted files?
• What is the MOST common form of authentication?
• Which type of security control can help with compliance in data handling?
• Which type of malware is software installed alongside a package selected by the user or bundled with a new computer system?
• Which of the following algorithms are used in symmetric encryption?
• What type of phishing attack is conducted over the phone?
• What type of cryptoprocessor can support reducing a computer's attack surface?
• Which type of cryptography is best suited for bulk encryption due to its speed?
• Why is it important to have a certificate authority in a public key infrastructure?
• In the context of information security, what does the term 'asset' refer to?
• What service should be used to prevent the loss of access to documents encrypted with a private key?
• In cybersecurity strategy, what should the focus be when addressing system vulnerabilities?
• An attack targeting senior executives and high-profile individuals is known as what?
• What is a key advantage of using online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) over traditional methods?
• Which term refers to measures taken to protect IT assets from being susceptible to attack?
• As a CISO tasked with protecting sensitive customer data, which type of control should be implemented?
• Which term refers to a network resource in the directory?
• What type of control can a network administrator implement to prevent employees from accessing unapproved streaming websites?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of symmetric key cryptography?
• When two different messages produce the same hash value, what phenomenon has occurred?
• Why might someone choose to use the command 'userdel -r bsmith' over 'userdel bsmith'?
• Which access control method permits only users who are managers to access specific data?
• What type of authentication combines something you know with something you have?
• Which principle determines object access based on classification level in a mandatory access control model?
• If two hashes match when comparing a downloaded file to the website, what does it indicate?
• Which scenario indicates a failure of the EFS encryption process?
• You want to encrypt a hard drive and prevent laptops from booting without a special USB drive. What should you implement?
• Which access control model permits access based on a user's role in an organization?
• What kind of acceptable use policy requires encryption of confidential information while in transit?
• What is the most effective option for preventing and detecting future data breaches in a corporation?
• Which term means a cryptography mechanism that hides secret communications within various forms of data?
• Which Active Directory term is used for a collection of network resources?
• When executing the userdel command to remove a user, what does the 'rm -rf' flag do?
• What is the function of HMAC in securing data?
• What type of security challenge might indicate an increase in varied network traffic that affects system performance?
• Which of the following BEST describes compensating controls?
• Which authentication method utilizes a physical device or software to generate secure, unique codes?
• Which kind of malware provides an attacker with administrative control over a target computer through a backdoor?
• What type of smart card does John use if he waves it near a card reader for access?
• What category of security control BEST describes the function of implementing a new security system after a server outage?
• What immediate action should a cybersecurity analyst take if an employee is targeted by a suspicious email claiming to be from a new colleague?
• Which of the following is used to ensure a downloaded file has not been altered?
• In security applications, what does the term "digest" refer to?
• What happens to an encrypted file when it is transferred across a network using SMB?
• Which social engineering tactic involves creating a fabricated excuse to gain physical access to a secure area?
• In a scenario for secure logon credential exchange, which method is correctly demonstrated?
• Which utility is commonly used on OS X to encrypt and decrypt data and messages?
• What is an example of rule-based access control?
• What is the role of the control plane in a network security model?
• Which command is not typically associated with user account management?
• What type of control is used to discourage malicious actors from attempting to breach a network?
• Which of the following objects identifies a set of users with similar access needs?
• What security risk is most pressing when a user takes a USB flash device with confidential files?
• Which type of group can be used for controlling access to objects?
• In the scenario where Ron engages June about her dog, which phase of the social engineering process is he in?
• What is the primary purpose of implementing separation of duties?
• Which area should be focused upon to MOST effectively mitigate supply chain attack risks?
• A PKI primarily manages which type of encryption?
• What common factor do many social engineering attacks exploit?